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PTDecisions on climate change adaptation at COP29
Adaptation to climate change is not the main theme of COPs, which usually focus efforts on debates and actions on mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, but it has gained ground in recent years. With the increase in extreme weather events around the world, such as heat waves, droughts and floods, their economic, social and environmental impacts have entered the radar of governments, civil society and large private sector companies.
“A challenge within this theme is to define indicators and scale actions, as adaptation measures need to be customized according to the characteristics of each location”, explains Melina Amoni, Climate Risk and Adaptation Manager at WayCarbon. Within the COP29 program, which ended in the early hours of November 24th in Baku, some of the main debates expected on the subject were: the support program for the implementation of National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) and the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund.
National Adaptation Plans
The discussion on the support program for the NAPs involved ministers from developing countries, financial experts and international donors. According to the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), the debate focused on innovative financing, technical support and accelerated action to meet the deadline for submitting NAPs in 2025. “Discussions to further detail the program will continue in June next year, at the Climate Change Conference, which takes place annually in Bonn, Germany, preceding the COP,” explains Amoni.
The Global Goal on Adaptation
The GGA aims to strengthen adaptation actions in developing countries, based on the construction of a clear structure and goals that guide global efforts. In discussions on the topic during COP29, Melina Amoni, who was present, assessed that “the result defined a path for COP30 with regard to Indicator Work Programme on Indicators, which are extremely important for the goals to be achieved”, she said.
Loss and Damage Fund
An instrument that aims to provide support to the countries most vulnerable to climate disasters, the Loss and Damage Fund was created at COP27, in Egypt, and made progress at COP29. The presidency of the event announced on November 12 that the Fund is ready to accept contributions after the signing of fundamental documents. The Fund is expected to begin financing projects as early as 2025. On the same day, Sweden pledged 200 million Swedish kronor (approximately 19 million dollars) to the Fund, subject to government approval. This contribution raised the total funding pledged to over US$720 million.
WayCarbon’s participation
Melina Amoni also discussed the topic in the panel “Article 6 and the Global Goal on Adaptation – opportunities and challenges for Brazilian industry and a look at international experience”, held on November 18th, at the Brazil Pavilion. With the aim of promoting dialogue between the industrial sector and the government, the panel addressed the potential of Article 6 as a tool to support the decarbonization of industry and how the sector can contribute to the Global Goal on Adaptation.
The debate brought international examples, technical requirements and challenges for implementing these mechanisms in the national context in accordance with the requirements of the Paris Agreement. WayCarbon has already led several Climate Action Plans for Brazilian cities and companies and, based on this experience, was able to contribute with the lessons learned.
